Journal of Money & Economy
Volume:15 Issue: 1, Winter 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of "Asset Securitization" on bankschr('39') performances. Asset securitization is generally defined as the "financial process by which an owner of an asset, such as a portfolio of loans, receives cash upfront in exchange for the future cash flows from the asset without selling the asset in a normal contractual sales agreement." (Menzi et al., 2018). Asset securitization has not been applied in Iranian banks so far. Therefore, we have devised an approach to examine the variation in performance in the presence or the absence of a securitized portfolio by using a "Propensity Score Matching" method. In this study, the effect of "Asset Securitization" is hypothetically assessed for Bank Saderat Iran. To show the meaningfulness of the difference between two states, "variance equality F-test" as well as "couplet-test" is used. The results show that "Asset Securitization" has a positive and meaningful effect on the net profit of the Bank Saderat Iran. Moreover, to study the relationship between profitability and non-performing loans, the Bayesian Vector Autoregressive model is applied, and the results show that non-performing loans harm the bankchr('39')s profitability.

One of the goals of the government is to increase the competitiveness of domestic firms to export goods and services. Moreover, the role of exports in many economic sectors has been emphasized. There are two essential requirements for developing non-oil exports: first, the presence of firms in export markets and increasing their competitiveness; second, the survival of them in international markets. This paper assesses the impact of leverage on export survival by using the data of 16 Iranian manufacturing firms from 1999-2018. These companies operate in the agricultural and food industry and are indexed in the stock exchange market. Based on Cox semi-parametric model estimation, the main result is that leverage harms export survival.

In this paper, we examined an effective business model for the ecosystem of Islamic FinTech for Resalat Islamic Bank. The article discussed three phases of Resalat Bank development as a Platform in formulating social business models that require new value propositions, value constellations, and profit equations, and as such, resembles business model innovation. The result of the qualitative method for comparing Resalat Bank and Grameen Bank indicated that the business model of Resalat Bank is more efficient than Grameen Bank. We also discussed the challenges of transformation from the "current Islamic banking business model" to "Islamic banking as a platform" and proposes a framework for "Islamic bank as a platform" at the macro and micro levels.

The national economy of most countries is made up of various regions (provinces) with different industrial composition, financial structure, trade relations, and institutional environment. Depending on these characteristics, regions may respond differently to a uniform national macroeconomic policy. Policymakers should consider these heterogeneities to achieve the national development objective. Using separate VAR models to investigate the regional effects of a uniform policy neglects the spillover effects across regions. The GVAR approach models the links between units (such as regions) using the weighted average of different macroeconomic aggregates. Since Iran is a regionally dispersed country, this motivates us to analyze whether or not a standard monetary policy has different effects on its provinceschr('39') unemployment and inflation rates using a GVAR approach during 2005q1-2016q1 period. Results indicate that one standard deviation positive monetary shock at the national level can significantly reduce unemployment in some provinces. These responses are similar in terms of timing, but their intensity is different. Also, this positive shock has a positive effect on inflation in all provinces. All responses are approximately similar in terms of timing. Despite this similarity, shock responses vary in terms of intensity.

Iranian banking network policymakers are focused on bank consolidation as one of the reform policies in recent years. But before merging banks, it is necessary to examine their effects. Loans are one crucial item in the bankschr('39') balance sheets that are affected by bank consolidation. In the Iranian banking network, loans are offered to various economic sectors. What is important for banking policymakers is how the structure of loans will change as banks merge. Also, the effect of bank consolidation on loan structure is affected by the bankchr('39')s ownership and its performance. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the impact of bank mergers on loan structure of banks, using panel data model and financial statements of Iranian banks in 2006-2018. For this purpose, 28 models have been designed. Results indicate the merger of banks and the creation of private banks have a positive effect on the loan supply to services and the business sector. The merging of banks and the creation of state-owned banks will also have a positive impact on the loan supply to the industry and mining, construction, and housing sectors. Also, banks merger has a positive effect on the loan supply to services and the business sector.

With the onset of the financing crisis in the real sector of the economy and the intensification of shortcomings in the banking system of Iran in recent years, the issue of capital raising has been seriously considered by economic and banking experts to improve the health and stability of banks and their credit provision. What has been critical in this regard is the effects of capital raisings on the liquidity creation and credit provision of the banks. Therefore, using data of 29 banks during the period 2008 to 2017, and the econometric method of dynamic panel data, the relationship between the capital raising and the liquidity creation and credit providing has been studied. For this purpose, in two steps, first, the effect of capital raising in general on the liquidity creation and credit of banks, and in the next step, the impact of different methods of capital raising on these factors has been studied. The results of the estimations show that an increase in total capital will lead to a rise in liquidity creation in banks. In examining the effect of various methods of capital raising on liquidity creation, however, only the method of cash contribution and retained earnings can have a positive effect on liquidity creation, and other techniques show adverse effects. Also, based on the results of the proposed models, bankschr('39') capital raising has harmed their credit provision. It means that banks have allocated the resources from capital raisings to things other than providing loans to customers.